MEV, or Miner Extractable Value, is a serious problem that any blockchain is going to have to deal with. The only question is how severe will it get based on what features any given blockchain supports. So how bad can it get?
Everything you do in life consumes energy from somewhere, it is fundamental to the nature of the universe. This is the key factor that makes Bitcoin a workable system and provides its security.
Nostr may not be perfect, but it does represent a massive improvement over existing centralized platforms when it comes to data and identity ownership.
Jevon's Paradox is a core economic concept underlying the plan to scale Bitcoin in layers rather than increasing the throughput of the blockchain itself. However, it is a sorely misunderstood concept.